Factories, supply chains & PLI — part of the eleven-domain research map on this site. This page will expand as new essays publish.
Production-linked incentive schemes were designed to jolt capacity investment across electronics, pharma, and specialty steel. Six quarters into disbursement, the sectors converting incentive commitments into actual factory floor space vary far more than the headline numbers suggest.
Electronics assembly has moved fastest — component manufacturing, the higher-value layer, has lagged.[1]
The gap between assembly and component manufacturing is the single most important number in Indian industrial policy right now — it determines whether PLI produces a durable manufacturing base or a re-export hub dependent on imported subassemblies.
Indian factories still operate at roughly 60% of Vietnamese and 40% of Chinese labor productivity in comparable electronics assembly lines — a gap that logistics cost and power reliability explain more than wage levels do.[2]